含初始变形船体加筋板有效宽度及剩余极限强度研究

为了评估舰船结构损伤后的剩余强度,对船体加筋板出现初始几何变形后,参与总纵强度的有效宽度和加筋板剩余极限强度进行研究。将加筋板受到垂直于平面压力后的变形,作为其初始几何变形,改变变形的方向和大小,利用有限元软件Ansys对加筋板结构进行线性和非线性分析。定义了板有效宽度计算方法,对不同变形方向和变形幅值时板的有效宽度和加筋板的极限强度进行对比分析,并拟合得到了计算板有效宽度和加筋板极限强度的经验公式。结果表明,初始几何变形会削弱加筋板结构的强度。在对损伤后船体结构强度进行分析和校核时,提出的经验公式可以直接用来计算板的有效宽度和加筋板的极限强度。     

Numerical simulation on truncated oval-nosed projectile penetrating into stiffened plate北大核心CSCD

[Objectives]In this paper, the numerical simulation method is used to study the anti-penetration performance and energy absorption mode of a stiffened plate, as well as the influence of different stiffened bars on the flight attitude of the projectile body.[Methods] Finite element software LS-DYNA is used to simulate the process of a truncated oval-nosed projectile penetrating a stiffened plate, and the results of the numerical simulation are compared with an experiment to verify the reliability of the numerical simulation method. The momentum method and mass equivalence method are used to predict the residual velocity of the projectile, and the applicability of different theoretical methods within different velocity ranges is compared. The deformation energy of different regions of the stiffened plate is then extracted to analyze the influence of the initial velocity of the projectile body on the energy absorption mode of the target plate. Finally, the structure of the stiffeners is changed and the influence of the relative position of the stiffeners on the penetration attitude of the projectile body is analyzed.[Results]The results show that the mass equivalence method is more accurate than the momentum method in predicting the residual velocity of the stiffened plate when the initial velocity of the projectile body is in the range of 300–900 m/s. The ratio of the deformation energy of the stiffened plate to the energy loss of the projectile body decreases with the increase of the initial velocity of the projectile body. The effect of a T-stiffened plate on trajectory is greater than that of a rectangular-stiffened plate.[Conclusions]The related calculation method and research results have certain reference value for research and engineering application surrounding the anti-penetration of stiffened plates. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

砂桩排水板复合排水机理研究

目前复合排水地基固结度及强度无法从理论角度进行计算和预测,给工程设计及施工带来较大不便.针对这一问题,对砂桩排水板复合排水边界条件进行合理简化,推导出复合排水理论模型;并借助有限元软件PLAXIS 3D进行分析,将PLAXIS 3D计算结果与理论结果进行对比,并给出排水体控制区域不规则修正系数a的建议值.结果表明,理论模型计算结果与数值模拟结果相吻合;在砂桩间距大于3 m时,a值建议取1. 20～1. 35,当砂桩间距小于3 m时,a值建议取1. 35～1. 50.     

Dynamic response of stiffened plate under internal blast: Experimental and numerical investigation

Stiffened plates are the basic units of ships, aircraft and other structures. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamic response of stiffened plates under internal blast loading. A combined experimental and numerical investigation was carried out on the cabin structures with unstiffened, single-stiffened and double-stiffened plates. The characteristics of internal blast wave, the effects of stand-off distance and the stiffener position on the deflection and failure modes of stiffened plates were sequentially analyzed. It was interestingly found that the deflection first decreased and then increased with the increase of stand-off distance. Additionally, despite of the reinforcement on the deformation resistance, the stiffeners tended to reduce the damage tolerance of the target plates. This research provides the basic data and theoretical support for the blast resistance design of ships, aircraft and other structures.     

UHPC薄板屈曲试验及临界板厚比研究

UHPC材料是一种新型纤维增强水泥基复合材料,利用材料强度高的特点设计建造桥梁通常为薄壁箱形结构,薄壁箱梁存在剪力滞效应、扭转畸变、翘曲失稳等问题。为研究UHPC箱梁顶板翘曲失稳,指导UHPC薄壁箱梁结构避免局部失稳破坏先于材料强度破坏,进行不同边界条件均布加载的19个UHPC薄板屈曲荷载试验研究。结果表明:UHPC板的屈曲主要有局部受压破坏、单方向裂缝破坏和双向裂缝破坏3种;屈曲荷载计算应引入材料和制作修正系数0.7;UHPC板最大幅值位于h/2高度,并只产生一个半波。最后对屈曲荷载试验值进行有限元计算分析对比,并通过欧拉公式推导UHPC箱梁顶板的临界板厚比限值。     

Local joint flexibility of tubular X-joints stiffened with external ring or external plates

In the present paper, the Local Joint Flexibility (LJF) of the ring-stiffened X-joints and plate-stiffened X-joints under compressive load is investigated. In the first phase, a finite element (FE) model was generated and verified with the results of available experimental tests and equations. In the next phase, a set number of 234 FE models were created to evaluate the role of the external ring size (β_r and τ_r), the external plate size (β_p and τ_p), and the connection geometry (γ, τ, and β) on the LJF factor (f_LJF). In these FE models, the weld connecting the chord and brace members was generated. The results indicated that the f_LJF of a plate stiffened joint can be down to 76% of the f_LJF of the corresponding un-stiffened joint. Also, the effect of the ring size on the f_LJF was more than the effect of the plate size on the f_LJF, because of the stiffener position. Despite the notable effect of the ring and the plate on the f_LJF, there is not any study or formula on tubular connections stiffened with ring or plate. Therefore, the FE results were used to propose two parametric formulas for determining the f_LJF in X-joints with external ring or external plate under brace compressive load. Moreover, the derived formulas were checked based on the UK DoE acceptance criteria.     

船体曲型分段外板板架吊装工艺优化

针对曲型分段建造时外板板架的吊装、装配过程在传统吊装工艺存在局限性,以某散货船的曲型外板板架为例,探讨起吊设备对其脱胎、翻身、大组整个吊装过程中影响作业效率的因素。在传统吊装工艺的基础上,结合现场实际情况,优化并设计新的吊装方案,使船体曲型外板板架的吊装作业更加便捷、高效。     

Urban travel time reliability at different traffic conditions

The decision making of travelers for route choice and departure time choice depends on the expected travel time and its reliability. A common understanding of reliability is that it is related to several statistical properties of the travel time distribution, especially to the standard deviation of the travel time and also to the skewness. For an important corridor in Changsha (P.R. China) the travel time reliability has been evaluated and a linear model is proposed for the relationship between travel time, standard deviation, skewness, and some other traffic characteristics. Statistical analysis is done for both simulation data from a delay distribution model and for real life data from automated number plate recognition (ANPR) cameras. ANPR data give unbiased travel time data, which is more representative than probe vehicles. The relationship between the mean travel time and its standard deviation is verified with an analytical model for travel time distributions as well as with the ANPR travel times. Average travel time and the standard deviation are linearly correlated for single links as well as corridors. Other influence factors are related to skewness and travel time standard deviations, such as vehicle density and degree of saturation. Skewness appears to be less well to explain from traffic characteristics than the standard deviation is.     

长昆客专湖南段隧道洞口设计研究

长昆客运专线湖南段经过湘中低山丘陵区、湘中中低山区及云贵高原东缘高山区,项目桥隧工程多,工程设计难度大、施工风险高。为解决项目在复杂山区困难条件下的桥隧相连、大量隧道洞口偏压高陡,部分隧道洞口段穿越岩堆或顺层等不良地质等造成的诸多设计施工难题,针对高速铁路隧道工程的特点,通过研究复杂条件下桥隧相连工程的相对关系,将复杂山区的桥隧相连工程划分为隧桥串接、隧桥对接和隧桥毗连（短路基）3种衔接方式分别系统处理,首次开发并应用高速铁路分离式隧桥串接洞门,用于解决桥隧相连情况下的隧桥串接洞门设计; 通过研究偏压、高陡洞口地形、地质,对困难条件下的隧道洞口提出采取“耳墙+护拱+反压回填”暗挖进洞技术、锚固桩正面防护技术及基底桩基托板技术等工程方案解决了进洞困难、洞口不良地质、隧底软硬不均或部分悬空、安全施工等难题。     

基于统计能量法的船舶板架结构简化建模方法研究

统计能量法是解决复杂结构高频动力学问题的主要方法之一,限于其分析特性,过于细致化的建模会引发其计算量大、计算精度低等问题。针对典型的船体板架结构,提出基于统计能量法的船体板架结构简化建模方法,并结合数值计算加以验证。根据实际需求,提出简化建模的等效原则,给出多平板的简化建模方法;通过研究给出周期加筋板的简化建模方法;提出一种双层底结构的简化建模方法,并进行误差分析。